A 2025 Update on the Indian Submarine Modernization Program

New Delhi, January 24.

The joint venture between India’s state-owned Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders and Germany’s ThyssenKrupp has remained the sole contender for the Indian Navy’s Rs. 70,000-crore tender for the acquisition of six submarine after the Defence Ministry rejected the proposal of Indian firm Larsen & Toubro and its Spanish partner Navantia as it was found to be non-compliant with the requirements.

Following reports of this development in various sections of the media, Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders said in a stock exchange filing that the commercial bid for the P-75 (I) programme it submitted has been opened by the Defence Ministry for further processing.

It also added that for the additional acquisition of three Scorpene class submarines, commercial negotiations are in process.

Project 75 (P-75) is a major initiative by the Ministry of Defence aimed at enhancing the submarine fleet of the Indian Navy. The project was conceived to procure and build a series of advanced diesel-electric attack submarines that would bolster India’s maritime defense capabilities. The primary objective of P-75 is to enhance the Navy’s ability to project power in the Indian Ocean region while ensuring the safety and security of India’s vast maritime borders.

Project 75 was first approved in 1997 with the intent to modernize the Indian Navy’s submarine fleet. The project is aimed at acquiring six modern, advanced submarines, with indigenous construction being a key component. Over the years, the project has faced several delays and challenges, but it remains one of the most significant defence procurement initiatives in the country.

The project has been divided into two phases. Under Phase 1, six submarines will be procured, with the first batch of submarines to be constructed with the help of foreign collaboration. Phase 2 is aimed at indigenous construction of additional submarines under the ‘Make in India’ initiative.

The Indian Navy has sought to replace its aging fleet of Soviet-era submarines, which were becoming increasingly obsolete. Project 75 is designed to equip the Navy with more modern, capable, and versatile submarines.

By focusing on building submarines in India, the programme aims to boost the country’s indigenous defence manufacturing capabilities.

The Indian Navy is tasked with safeguarding the vast Indian Ocean region, where India has vital strategic interests. Project 75 enhances the Navy’s underwater warfare capabilities, including surveillance, deterrence, and offensive strike potential.

This article was published by India Strategic in January 2025.

The photo is a representational image.